Add dependency to build.gradle in your app module

    testImplementation 'org.robolectric:robolectric:4.3'
    testImplementation 'androidx.test:core:1.0.0'

Robolectric 이 AOSP framework build 에 기반해서 만들어지는데, Anroid Q 부터 java build toolchain이 java9로 변경된 관계로 jdk9를 쓸 수 밖에 없다고 함.

관련 링크: https://github.com/robolectric/robolectric/issues/5258

Android studio 4.0에서 OpenJdk 11 (or 9이상)으로 Robolectric Unit test 실행시 아래의 에러가 날 경우

WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred
WARNING: Illegal reflective access by org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers$6 (file:/Users/lindol/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/org.robolectric/shadowapi/4.3/81dfcf4a45b623b7744e46358d01c7ce054d0fff/shadowapi-4.3.jar) to method java.lang.ClassLoader.getPackage(java.lang.String)
WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers$6
WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations
WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release
[Robolectric] com.example.unittest.MainActivityTest.testSimpleLoad: sdk=28; resources=BINARY
Downloading from maven 
Downloading: org/robolectric/android-all/Q-robolectric-5415296/android-all-Q-robolectric-5415296.pom from repository sonatype at https://oss.sonatype.org/content/groups/public/
Error transferring file: java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException: Error constructing implementation (algorithm: Default, provider: SunJSSE, class: sun.security.ssl.SSLContextImpl$DefaultSSLContext)
[WARNING] Unable to get resource 'org.robolectric:android-all:pom:Q-robolectric-5415296' from repository sonatype (https://oss.sonatype.org/content/groups/public/): Error transferring file: java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException: Error constructing implementation (algorithm: Default, provider: SunJSSE, class: sun.security.ssl.SSLContextImpl$DefaultSSLContext)

해결 방법: Robolectric 4.4 로 버전 올리기 (4.4 버전에서 수정됨)

   testImplementation 'org.robolectric:robolectric:4.4'

• Robolectric - official website
• Set up project for AndroidX Test
• ShadowTelephonyManagerTest.java
• Shadows
• [Android] Unit Testing Framework - Robolectric
• Robolectric Unit Test Sample Code for Android
• Improving Robolectric's Looper simulation
• ActivityScenario